Dr. Grossman’s Blog

A small study by Japanese researchers demonstrates an increased blood supply to the retina upon stimulation of certain acupuncture points. Needles were inserted near the posterior base of the thumbs of volunteers while investigators used a laser to scan the retinal blood flow. Both volume and velocity increased in these patients. The work was done at the ophthalmology department at Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine.

Reported by Dr. Kazuhiko Mori at the annual meeting of the Association for Vision and Ophthalmology in Fort Lauderdale this past May.

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Scientists through the US Department of Energy are testing artificial retinas that they hope can restore partial sight to people who’ve lost their vision to the most common causes of blindness.

The Sylmar, Calif., company produced the devices for the U.S. Energy Department’s Artificial Retina Project. The department has been engaged in biological research since the atomic bomb tests of the 1950s raised fears of radiation poisoning.

The current version is being tested on 17 blind people in the U.S. and Europe, and more patients are being enrolled. At a retina conference in October, patients reported improvements in orientation and mobility. They were able to find a door from 20 feet away and to follow a line on the floor for 20 feet.

Meanwhile, researchers in the Energy Department’s National Laboratories are creating a third-generation artificial retina. Much smaller than its predecessors, the device will contain 200 or more electrodes on a thin, flexible film that curves to fit the shape of the retina. Human tests are scheduled to begin in 2011.

For more information, go to http://artificialretina.energy.gov/index.shtml

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The findings provide hope for treating blindness caused by optic-nerve damage, but
also look promising for spurring similar regeneration in the spinal cord and brain.
Researchers said Monday a newly discovered growth factor could hold the key to regenerating damaged optic nerves — and more. The research team at Children’s Hospital in Boston say they have found a naturally occurring, previously unrecognized growth factor that stimulates regeneration in injured optic nerves.
The findings provide hope for treating blindness caused by optic-nerve damage, but
also look promising for spurring similar regeneration in the spinal cord and brain,
they said.

The growth factor is called oncomodulin and when it was added to retinal nerve cells
in the lab, with known growth-promoting factors already present, the growth of axons
– or cells in the optic nerves — nearly doubled.

No other growth factor was as potent, the researchers said.

More Nerve Regeneration

In live rats with optic-nerve injury, oncomodulin released from tiny sustained-release
capsules increased nerve regeneration five- to seven-fold when given along with
a drug that helps cells respond to oncomodulin, the team said.

Oncomodulin also appears to switch on a variety of genes associated with axon growth,
the researchers said.

“Out of the blue, we found a molecule that causes more nerve regeneration than
anything else ever studied,” said one of the study investigators. We expect
this to spur further research into what else oncomodulin is doing in the nervous
system and elsewhere.

The data are published in the May 14 online edition of Nature Neuroscience.

For more related research, go to www.naturaleyecare.com (see “Research” section).